New Jersey: when gang rule trumps state power


The writ of the state, the question of under what circumstances a State controls violence and law within its territory, is the most basic of all tests of power. (It is also a frequent theme here at the Agonist.)

New Jersey's inability to protect witnesses to gang-related crimes is particularly interesting from a writ of the state perspective:

The strategy sounds almost illogical: Detectives in New Jersey are being urged to build criminal cases with as few witnesses as possible. Or with none at all.

In cities struggling with gang-related crimes, like Trenton and Newark, detectives said that even on the infrequent occasions when they find civilian witnesses who might be willing to testify, investigators are wary about pressuring them to appear in court. That reluctance is based on a fear that the authorities might not be able to protect witnesses from retaliation...

... No one much disputes that the strategy amounts to something of a retreat for law enforcement in New Jersey.

The end result has been that police make fewer arrests and get fewer convictions and those they do get tend to be for things like firearms possession, which carry much lower penalties than crimes like murder and assault.

Now certainly the writ of the state is in no risk in New Jersey. Nonetheless this illustrates the simple principle that if you can't make people feel safe, they won't come forward to help you find your enemies. In effect, the gangs are creating areas where they can do what they choose, and the citizens won't report enough details for them to be caught. This is, essentially, what insurgents do.

What's the government doing?

State officials are now considering measures to deter gang members and to convince members of the public that witnesses will be protected. Attorney General Anne Milgram said Mr. Corzine’s administration was pushing for stricter sentences for intimidation and for more money to relocate those whose testimony puts them in danger.

If you can't protect people who cooperate with you, most people will put their own safety first. In the same way that you need informants to take out an organization like al-Qaeda or the Taliban, you need witnesses and informants to take out gangs. Of course, there are differences. New Jersey's best solution to part of the problem is probably to put a large chunk of money into a witness protection program. But you can't protect entire villages and communities from guerrilla attacks so easily.

At heart, however, what has happened is this: the writ of the state is no longer complete in parts of New Jersey. In those places the gangs have some of that power. It's a small amount of power, and everyone knows that if the State was really serious it could take it back easily. Yet, for now, and probably for years, the writ of the state shall only be partial in areas the gangs rule.


Ian Welsh November 19, 2007 - 7:07am
( categories: USA: Domestic Issues )

corruption plays a big part in ineffective police/military organizations. corruption, especially drug-related corruption, is a major problem for the majority of america's domestic policing units.

think about some american "gangs" like you would about political parties in the middle east, those that represent "the arab street." the terms we use to describe popular social and quasi-political movements are incendiary and unhelpful. some communities have stable, established, local leadership, some of it in the form of "good" community organizations like churches and neighborhood watch groups. sometimes, the leadership and membership of these organizations comes into conflict with the directives of the local policing organization. the media, worthless like that, will always and unquestioningly label opposition to the police as "gangs" if the police tells them to do so, no matter what the actual issue of contention.

think about the population of areas in which the police don't seem to have control (for that's what this is about, not "safety" but control). when the economy turns bad, like now, the poorest are also often the youngest, or have the highest number of young people in their population. also, police forces today are populated with bushies, and there can be little natural rapport between those people and urban minority youth, by definition. it interests me greatly to read, repeatedly, of "gang" activity in the american military. my gang contacts tell me fascinating stories of how urban popular militias are forming right now.

once i didn't believe just how oppressive, corrupt, and racist domestic police forces are. then i lived in the 'hood, in a 99% minority community where the average income was under 20K/family (!) the police there operated like overseers on a plantation; it was blatantly clear that none of us had any "rights" and the majority of the violence was instigated by (often but not always white) police officers running little personal scam kingdoms on the bodies of young black men. this may sound extreme, but it was my experience for several years. there is a war going on, right here in america, but if you don't see it up close you may not know about it. scholars will note the similarities between it and what is happening in other places around the globe, in which the racist neoimperialist economic project is forced upon underclass peoples.

chicago dyke November 19, 2007 - 7:50am

I have heard or read of a number of instances of places - some in this country - that are effectively outside of state control. The drug gangs seem to be as effective as the police at providing for public safety. I have lived close to impoverished minority neighborhoods and have gotten used to riding through them on my bike in the course of going about my business. Most people don't pay much attention. A few people seem to be curious and will approach to check out what you are doing there. After you establish that you are just minding your own business people just leave you alone. If you buy things at local businesses (to the extent that they exist) all the better. If you have a flat tire on your bike, people stop and ask if you need help.

I don't know. Maybe this isn't relevant. My experience is that any violence in these neighborhoods certainly isn't directed at middle-aged white guys riding around in bicycles.

Beto November 19, 2007 - 10:12am

My experience has been that if you are not involved in the politics of the neighborhood, or seen as an economic opportunity you aren't apt to have a problem. I'm too old for young men's politics, and I look like I don't have any money so I'm generally ignored.

pihwht November 19, 2007 - 11:03am

even when I was young I found that I could go most places safely by looking not worth bothering, being respectful, and showing no fear.

Ian Welsh November 19, 2007 - 11:06am

the "street" was abuzz with the story that the Newark police ran out of ammo and were resupplied by boxcars direct from the mafia.

Gordon November 19, 2007 - 11:21am

Known gang member arrested within hours of DART's debut

William Lin, The Ottawa Citizen, November 19

Within a few hours of launching a new street gang-fighting response team last week, Ottawa police charged a known gang member with drug-related and other charges.

Last Wednesday, police launched the Direct Action Response Team (DART) in a bid to monitor gang activity and identify youth at risk of joining gangs. The initiative paid off quickly -- about six or seven hours later, the team arrested a known gang member while conducting premises checks, Acting Insp. Mike Callaghan said. Officers also seized 57 grams of crack cocaine worth an estimated $11,000.

The arrest was "very indicative" of the necessity for DART, Acting Insp. Callaghan said, adding that "having officers out there in uniform, it's going to be a very strong deterrent for members involved in gang activity."

Aside from identifying youth at risk, the eight-member team will also work in prevention and intervention while providing a strong police presence in communities, police said. The province is funding the team for one year.

Warfa Ali, 20, has been charged with possession for the purpose of trafficking, two counts of possession of proceeds of crime, resisting arrest, obstructing police and three counts of failing to comply with recognizance.
Source

adrena November 19, 2007 - 1:23pm

It's a small amount of power, and everyone knows that if the State was really serious it could take it back easily. Yet, for now, and probably for years, the writ of the state shall only be partial in areas the gangs rule.

Because gang violence is a huge problem in our state and is not so slowly migrating from the urban to the suburban areas, huge amounts of resources are being thrown at the problem. My suburban town's police department has recently added a gang enforcement unit at no small cost. Please, please, since you claim to know so much about the gang problem in New Jersey as to suggest the quoted comment above, share how this power can be easily taken back because we citizens of New Jersey need this insight now.


“I despise ideologues masquerading as objective journalists.” - Bill O'Reilly, March 30, 2007

Mark November 19, 2007 - 8:49pm

and simply clamp the hell down. Curfews and martial law. I'm not saying you *should* do that, or that it will be done. It won't be. But if it got to the point like in Brazil where a gang was actually taking on the police in a concerted fashion, hunting them down, then the Governor probably would call in the national guard.

There are other methods as well. The British dealt with the most notorious crime area in Victorian England by phsyically demolishing the entire area, a street at a time. And yes, it worked.

There are always solutions, if you have the power and are willing to use it. The government isn't willing to, at this point. Nor would I necessarily say it should. Yet it's worth acknowledging the limits of gang power.

Ian Welsh November 20, 2007 - 11:51am

here's the problem. in victorian england, the financial establishment were making out like bandits on the opium trade. the perception of top-down control generating order has to disregard that., suppress awareness of it.

There's a lack of street drug dealing in Manhattan. But the dirty cash flows through the buildings.

What is order, then? Where do sophisticated CIA airlines and the crooked cop shakedown fit into all of it?

Does the true story of Oliver North indicate there are any limits to gang power at all?
--
Hongpong.com

HongPong November 22, 2007 - 4:37am

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