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The Economic OutlookOk, here's my short take on the economy as it stands right now. The US is going into recession. The various numbers show that fairly clearly, especially the job figures (see this chart about the employment ratio). It may or may not make the technical definition of a recession, but it's sure going to feel like it. Uncle Ben's decision to drop the prime by half a percent seems to have (temporarily) given the markets a boost, but it hasn't and won't do a thing for inflation in food and oil, which are going to continue to increase. Fed mumbling and hand-waving about "core inflation" is beside the point - an inflation figure which doesn't include the money people spend heating their house, feeding themselves, and driving to work is divorced from what real people experience. This winter is going to be brutally painful for a lot of people. The derivative and debt markets are going to remain troubled, because there's a pile of bad debt out there that is overvalued (marked to model, that is to say, "theoretical" values). Until that's cleared off the books, a process that isn't going to happen in a few weeks or even months, everyone is going to be leery about lending money. The fact that the ratings agencies were asleep at the switchboard and are still refusing to admit the seriousness of their screwup means that everyone will stay twitchy, because there's no easy way (and sometimes no way at all) to tell what debt instruments are crap, and what aren't. I agree with Agonist reader tjxfh that the Fed's easing won't mean money going where it needs to go. You can give people money, but you can't make them buy crap with it, and until there is some certainty what the floor is, no one wants to buy. (Eventually, of course, there will be a market of sorts as people bottom feed, looking for bargains. Some people will get rich, others will lose what's left of their shirt.) Likewise I agree that the money, looking for somewhere with returns and some safety is likely to move into commodities. That will increase commodity prices (and volatility) even further. Which will move into inflation. And even if it doesn't make it into "core" inflation in a big way, it will make it into food and energy inflation. At the same time the US has a currency problem. Overseas holders are beginning to realize that the US consumer is about to be tapped out anyway; that there's not going to be a repeat of the 90's tech boom for them to spend their money on; and, bottom line, that the billions they have, they're probably going to get cents on the dollar on. Foreign central banks are moving slowly for the door, trying to diversify out without causing a panic which will make their holdings worthless. That's going to last until someone makes a break for it, then we have potential panic selling. Before that Bernanke's going to find himself in a squeeze. On the one hand the US economy and world markets want loose credit to ease the derivatives/housing bubble. On the other hand, the US dollar is going to be under increasing pressure, and inflation is going to keep threatening thanks to all that money going into commodities. And pressure on the dollar itself increases inflation, since the US has to buy, well, almost everything, in foreign currency. Not good. So on that basis he's going to need to raise interest rates. If he doesn't do so he will be risking a currency collapse and rampant inflation. But if he does do so, he'll drive the economy and the market into the ground. Not a nice place to be. A lot depends, then, on Bernanke. Will he raise rates? Will he keep lowering rates? Will he freeze like a rabbit in the glare of an oncoming train. I'm going to bet on Bernanke continuing to lower rates. And that means I'm going to bet on stagflation -- a recession with high inflation. The Senate is going to approve more stimulus (another 50 billion, which is not to be sneezed at) but I think, this time, it's not going to be enough. If I'm wrong and it is enough, then we get zombieconomy back, but with even less vital signs than before. High inflation in goods people have to buy, dropping housing prices reducing the consumer spending since people won't be able to borrow against it, but enough stimulus to keep the economy producing enough jobs and enough growth to just barely not be a recession -- while feeling like one for a lot of people. If Bernanke raises, well then we've got a full on recession, and a nasty one, but he can avoid having it turn into stagflation. Even if the zombieconomy occurs, the new year, with all its ARM resets is likely to put it back on the operating table again. At this point the zombie wants to drop, and the questions are "can we put it off a little longer" and "how bad's it going to be when it does drop?" Congress wants to keep it going till after the 08 elections. Bernanke doesn't want to raise. I don't think either of them are going to get what they want. But if they do, it'll be the wrong choice, and Americans will pay for it. Ian Welsh September 19, 2007 - 11:00am
( categories: Analysis | Economics: USA )
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