The Decline of the American Dollar and Oil Hegemony


So, much fuss over the possibility of China dumping US treasuries:

Xia Bin, finance chief at China's Development Research centre, which has cabinet rank, commented last week that China's foreign reserves should be used as a 'bargaining chip' in talks with the US, the report said.

He Fan, an official at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, went further yesterday, indicating that China had the power to set off a dollar collapse, if it chose to do so, The Telegraph said.

'China has accumulated a large sum of US dollars. Such a big sum, of which a considerable portion is in US Treasury bonds, contributes a great deal to maintaining the position of the dollar as a reserve currency,' he told China Daily.

'Russia, Switzerland and several other countries have reduced their dollar holdings. China is unlikely to follow suit as long as the yuan's exchange rate is stable against the dollar.

'The Chinese central bank will be forced to sell dollars once the yuan appreciated dramatically, which might lead to a mass depreciation of the dollar,' he said.

Shifts in Chinese policy are often announced through key think tanks and academies. emphasis added~spk

The reaction of most market watchers and economists has been to note that if China really does that the value of their reserves will tank--when you tank the US dollar, the value of all assets in US dollars also tank. It would also badly damage the Chinese competitive position, since a low Yuan relative to the dollar is how they subsidize their exports to the US. Dumping T-bills, then, would be the equivalent of cutting off your nose to spite your face.

But . . . Congress is, in fact, getting uppity. And what China is saying is that if Congress eventually does pass real, significant tariffs then China is in a position to retaliate - hard.

So higher levels of the government are now pouring oil on the waters, no, no, we would never do that... but the message has been sent.

Meanwhile, the Nelson Report says:

Our conversation this afternoon can be paraphrased this way: "Putin is really angry with the US now because of Bush policy on any number of fronts, and as we are seeing on everything from using their intelligence services to carry out contract killings, to shooting rockets into Georgia, we are not dealing with a leader who feels he needs to be subtle."

In fact, our friend insists, "Russia thinks the US economy now is really vulnerable, and that using their huge foreign exchange reserves as a weapon against us...say by demanding payment for their oil only in Euros...may make a lot of sense."

This expert's conclusion: "I can tell you right now that Wall Street may not think the Chinese are serious, but Moscow is watching this very closely, and may well come to a conclusion that we don't like!"

The Agonist has made the argument that America has screwed around with Russia too often as well. I don't see any significant downside to Russia from doing this. And it is one more nail in the coffin being constructed for the US dollar's days as world reserve currency. As country after country moves off the dollar and onto the Euro, the dollar will lose its reserve status. We were talking about this 3 years ago at the BOPnews, and it is continuing apace. People forget about it, because it's happening slowly - but it is happening. And as the dollar continues under downward pressure (pressure that is only kept survivable because of central bank intervention) the willingness of investors to hold dollar denominated assets will continue to decline. We're looking at dollar/Yuan parity eventually. And I don't think eventually is as far out as people might think.

Now, let's push this out 5 to 10 years.

Everyone likes to say that the market for oil is global - prices are set on global markets, and so it doesn't matter who controls it.

True... until it isn't. The majority of world oil is in the control of various government companies, not private ones. As the supply continues to tighten at various price points, and as that oil which isn't under control is tied into long term specific contracts (for example, the way China is paying a premium to lock up African oil reserves) this will become less and less true. Oil will be sold based on long term contracts from national oil companies. There is going to come a point, and most of us here today will see it, where you just can't buy oil on "the market" because it's going to be all tied up.

At the point that both these things happen, the US is going to be in a world of hurt. The US economy, at the top end, is now about selling paper. But no one's going to want that paper in such a world.


Ian Welsh August 9, 2007 - 5:54pm
( categories: Analysis | Economics )

I was living in the plains of Montana, a learned to pay attention to changes in the wind. One day in April, there was no wind. After having blown like stink from the Northeast, all day no wind. Then I felt the slightest puff of wind from the East. I went inside and turned on the news for a weather report -- blizzard warning with heavy snow.

I wonder if this little puff of wind from China will be seen as the day that American Empire began to fall.

LJ August 9, 2007 - 9:07pm

the explanation has a kind of coherence to it, a run on the dollar, I believe, would result in a crash of all equity markets. I have no idea where things would go after that.

Were that to occur, you might not be able to model anything for a while.

http://mauberly.blogspot.com/

mauberly August 9, 2007 - 9:56pm

Yeah, you're probably right. When it really hits the fan, all we can probably be sure of is that everyone's going to get hit.

Ian Welsh August 9, 2007 - 10:09pm

when the 6 sigma event occurs. It rather means you were wrong about everything you forecasted.

So I'm going to have a cold one and count my blessings. And say a prayer for all of us.

http://mauberly.blogspot.com/

mauberly August 9, 2007 - 10:43pm

Would otherwise just suck to be the only oil source for the US.

quax August 9, 2007 - 11:04pm

Recall that the Delano, Forbes and other families got their money from a little something called the Opium Wars. I suspect that that little episode in history is still being taught in Chinese schools; even it isn't in our own schools. It devastated China.

I have long suspected that China's pegging the yuan RMB to the dollar at an artificially low rate of exchange was a very clever form of economic warfare. Like an alcoholic to free beer, our "captains of industry" swarmed to get their cut.

As the US markets begin to tank, the Chinese can pour gasoline on the fire by dumping their dollars--and because their currency is artificially valued low, still survive the conflagration in fine shape, now that their industrial infrastructure is developed.

Petronius August 9, 2007 - 11:04pm

you could not be more right on this:

"I have long suspected that China's pegging the yuan RMB to the dollar at an artificially low rate of exchange was a very clever form of economic warfare. Like an alcoholic to free beer, our "captains of industry" swarmed to get their cut."

It is one reason why we need some form of protectionism that prevents American capital from going overseas. Altman's Neoeconomy lays a foundation for this that the Dems have ignored.

We cannot have our capital leaving here, making money there and stripping Americans of their jobs, especially in manufacturing, where a nut or bolt is a miniscule part of the thing finally shrink-wrapped. (If it adds 8 cents to the bolt I buy at Loews, I'll pay it.)

Our captains of industry get their cut, either way, but in the current way, they are disrupting us such that most of won't see until we're near penniless.

This is a kind of war which will have been won when our middle class nickels are gone. Our Quislings are those captains.

http://mauberly.blogspot.com/

mauberly August 10, 2007 - 8:36pm

when the PRC decides to finally stake their claim to Taiwan Chinese Taipei. If and when they do, we'll make the painful discovery that we're no longer in any position to do anything about it.

Petronius August 11, 2007 - 2:21am

if the US suddenly made alternative energy research and development an emergency priority? i am obviously not an economist, but would that not have a dual benefit of (a) actually creating viable alternatives to oil, which seems to be the fuel not only of our environmental destruction, but of the majority of all our national security issues; and (b) create a whole lot of jobs?

lynette August 9, 2007 - 11:21pm

The effect wouldn't be immediate, but it's one of the things that needs to be done. Energy needs to be turned into something we make, not something that is extracted from limited resources in the environment.

Ian Welsh August 9, 2007 - 11:28pm

There's no shortage of technologies, but our own government seems not to understand which ones are viable. I don't call the ethanol effort anything but government pork for its favorite lobbies.

Remember the late 70's-early 80's? Where energy credits were paid out by the government for every dinky non-operating windmill? We really didn't get much for our billions--and after the Reagan years, went right back to guzzling petroleum.

I'm just not certain that a government-sponsored project is the way to go. Let energy prices spike--that should be incentive enough to get private business going.

In the meantime, buy coal stocks. We're going to need a lot of it.

Petronius August 9, 2007 - 11:32pm

i'd like to see us buy off the MIC - tell 'em we don't have the money any more for all that fancy military hardware... but we're not gonna abandon you - we're gonna keep giving you the pork, but now you've got to use it for R&D and manufacturing for renewable energy resources for our country. 'cuz energy is a requirement for national security.

selise August 10, 2007 - 9:26am

but limited as to how much these technologies can do. Here's what would be really good about it. It'd put people to work.

There's plenty of things that could be done on the infrastucture/conservation side of the equation also, like mass transit systems, railroad construction, etc. that would reduce our dependance on foreign oil and give people real jobs.

I did inhale.

Don August 10, 2007 - 6:47pm

You have the best idea I have heard.

Bucksouth August 9, 2007 - 11:25pm

Hasnt made the english news yet afaict, but it turns out that the flag they planted on the bottom was only 4.5 meters deep. They used a picture from the titanic operation.

Joes Bar and Grill August 10, 2007 - 12:26am

Reuters

AP

NYT

a couple of Russian TU-95 Bears flew by Guam and waggled their wings at the F-15's that were scrambled ....

widespread panic August 10, 2007 - 5:17am

a ball with the crumbling of the American Empire. "Sigh"

adrena August 10, 2007 - 6:33am

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