Warrantless Wiretapping Found Unconstitutional


Anna Diggs Taylor rules against the warantless wiretapping program, not just on legal grounds but as a violation of the first and 4th amendments:

U.S. District Judge Anna Diggs Taylor in Detroit became the first judge to strike down the National Security Agency's program, which she says violates the rights to free speech and privacy as well as the separation of powers enshrined in the Constitution.

"Plaintiffs have prevailed, and the public interest is clear, in this matter. It is the upholding of our Constitution," Taylor wrote in her 43-page opinion.

Glenn Greenwald has commentary here. The opinion is here (pdf) and the injunction here. Judge Taylor's personal background is here and here (since the wingnuts are already attacking her personally, this is relevant.)

More After the Jump

The two most important parts of this, to me, are the fact that she ruled the program unconcstitutional (meaning Congress cannot make it legal, so Specter's attempt to retroactively make everything ok won't work if this ruling stands) and that she ruled that the plaintiff's had standing to sue.

The catch-22 of these secret government programs has been that since they don't notify their victims of the fact that they have been listened in to, or their records seized, they don't know they've been harmed. And if you haven't been harmed, you have no standing to sue.

What the ACLU did was find people who had good reason to think that they were probably being listened in to - lawyers who phoned clients involved in terrorist related activities, and journalists who often talked to Muslim contacts. Then it said that they had been harmed because their contacts and clients believed they might be being listened in on and would no longer discuss sensitive matters with them that both lawyers and journalists need to have discussed in order to do their jobs.

Taylor also noted that if government secrecy was allowed to be used as the Bush administration wished then all the government would have to do to shield itself from judicial review is to declare secrecy. Courts are reluctant to rule that they don't have any authority to judge the legality or Constitutionality of laws and acts.

The ruling will be appealed to the Sixth court, which tends to give the government great lattitude and will almost certainly both stay and then overturn the opinion. It will eventually make its way to the Supreme Court, where there it will be decided 5-4. I would guess it will probably be upheld in large part, but it's not certain. If Bush gets to pick one more judge the outcome of such cases will no longer be in doubt.


Ian Welsh August 17, 2006 - 3:59pm

The ruling only applies to over seas calls. It is the domestic monitoring of our email and web sites we visit, plus our phone conversations, both cell and land based, that concern me. The intent of the original law was to protect all citizens from unwarranted surveillance. I'm not doing anything I need to hide, I just don't like it. I don't like my computer messed with either and their program , if I'm correct- ADW_ZANGO causes a total system crash if you remove it. I prefer my privacy to begin at the curb outside my home and to extend to any services I pay for. I expect to be able to express my opinion without being put on an 'enemies list'. If this ruling only applies to calls outside the US, it's a useless ruling.

Phil August 17, 2006 - 8:44pm

It applies to inside US as well.

Ian Welsh August 17, 2006 - 9:31pm

Editorial
Ruling for the Law

Published: August 18, 2006

Ever since President Bush was forced to admit that he was spying on Americans’ telephone calls and e-mail without warrants, his lawyers have fought to keep challenges to the program out of the courts. Yesterday, that plan failed. A federal judge in Detroit declared the eavesdropping program to be illegal and unconstitutional. She also offered a scathing condemnation of what lies behind the wiretapping — Mr. Bush’s attempt to expand his powers to the point that he can place himself beyond the reach of Congress, judges or the Constitution.

“There are no hereditary kings in America and no powers not created by the Constitution,” wrote Judge Anna Diggs Taylor of the United States District Court in Detroit. Her decision was based on a lawsuit filed by the American Civil Liberties Union.

She said Mr. Bush violated the 1978 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act when he ordered the National Security Agency to spy without a warrant on international phone calls and e-mail by Americans and foreign residents of the United States. She noted that the surveillance law was passed to prohibit just this sort of presidential abuse of power and provided ample flexibility for gathering vital intelligence. She also said that the program violated the Fourth Amendment, which prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures, as well as the rights of free speech and association granted by the First Amendment.

The ruling eviscerated the absurd notion on which the administration’s arguments have been based: that Congress authorized Mr. Bush to do whatever he thinks is necessary when it authorized the invasion of Afghanistan.

It’s good news that this ruling exists at all. Mr. Bush’s lawyers tried to have the entire suit thrown out on national security grounds, a tactic they have used in an alarming number of cases. In one particularly appalling example, they persuaded federal judges to refuse to hear a lawsuit filed by an innocent German citizen of Lebanese birth who was snatched out of his private life, illegally imprisoned for five months and tortured by American jailers.

In this case, the administration told Judge Taylor that merely arguing its case would expose top secret information. Judge Taylor said she had reviewed the secret material and concluded it was not relevant. The secrecy claim, she said, was “disingenuous and without merit.”

No sooner had this ruling been issued than Mr. Bush’s loyalists in Congress, who have been searching for ways to give legal cover to an illegal spying program, began calling for new laws to overcome Judge Taylor’s objections. Republicans quickly pointed out that Judge Taylor was appointed by President Jimmy Carter and that some of the many precedents she cited were written by liberal judges. These efforts to undermine Judge Taylor’s arguments will undoubtedly continue while the White House appeals the decision, and the outcome in the conservative Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals is uncertain.

But for now, with a careful, thoroughly grounded opinion, one judge in Michigan has done what 535 members of Congress have so abysmally failed to do. She has reasserted the rule of law over a lawless administration and shown why issues of this kind belong within the constitutional process created more than two centuries ago to handle them.

http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/18/opinion/18fri1.html



In these times you have to be an optimist to open your eyes when you awake in the morning. ~ Carl Sandburg

Tina August 18, 2006 - 12:53am

As I've said before, what we need to do is send more Dems to Congress to balance the ambitions of this president of ours who has no understanding of constitutional law. It sounds like he's been talking to Tony Blair a bit too much on this issue. On a number of talk shows, including the Jim Leher News Hour, English security agents have informed us that they have no such restraints in England. Well, duh... Does anyone remember a little thing called the American Revolution?
Constitutional rights to free speech and search and seizure were put in place because of the abuses of governments like that of England that historically have put people in jail for long periods of time without being charged with a crime, without trial by jury. Yes, they have come a long way in England. But, perhaps they need to be reminded of little things like Magna Charta and the English Bill of Rights. In fact, if George Bush is talking to Blair about their system, maybe he should be reminded of those tidbits of Constitutional history too!

Al Olsen August 18, 2006 - 8:10am

Aug 19, 3:50 AM EDT

Hard to Predict 6th Circuit's NSA Ruling

By DAN SEWELL

CINCINNATI (AP) -- Even though the administration's warrantless surveillance program is heading toward an appellate court loaded with Bush appointees, the court's mixed record makes it difficult to predict how it will view the surveillance, lawyers said.

"It is not a foregone conclusion that a conservative-dominated court is going to say, 'President Bush did this and we're going to uphold what he wants,'" said Robert A. Sedler, a law professor at Wayne State University. "There are many issues in this case. Conservative judges often have a very strongly libertarian streak."

more



In these times you have to be an optimist to open your eyes when you awake in the morning. ~ Carl Sandburg

Tina August 19, 2006 - 11:22am

Well, I certainly hope they're right. A proper smack down from the courts would be to uphold it all the way up the appeal chain so that Bush has no wriggle room.

Ian Welsh August 19, 2006 - 1:02pm

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