Www Clinical Depression Co Uk, ECT And Severe Clinical Depression

Q: It is my understanding that the only approved (by the US FDA) use for electro-shock therapy is in the treatment of severe clinical depression. Anyone have the scoop? People with severe clinical depression spend their entire day curled up in a ball on the floor. I don't see how Scientology[tm] is supposed to help with that. Actually, the mechanism makes sense. Scientists have recently begun to make the connections between brain chemistry, brain activity and behavior, at least in the case of compulsive behavior. Apparently some feedback mechanisms in the brain run amok leading to the compulsion. The patients who were cured, either through drugs, therapy, or both (the combination was most effective) displayed a change in their brain activity.

A:I suppose that shock therapy might conceivably work by interrupting whatever feedback loop is locking its victims into depression. Still seems a lot like hitting someone over the head with a hammer, though. The only other medical uses for shocks that I know of is in training infants and mentally disabled children. Some infants spontaneously regurgitate all their food, and they will die if they are not broken of this habit quickly. Some mentally disabled children want to beat their own heads and faces in to the point of crippling themselves. As they are incapable of reason, painful shocks are used to break them of the habit. ECT is used solely to treat "refractory depression": depression which is nonresponsive to other therapies. People with refractory depression are constant threats to their own safety and are often unsuitable for psychotherapy because of the acute effects of depression. Since SSRIs generally take 7 to 21 days to begin to take effect, and some severe types of depression do not respond, or do not respond adequately, to SSRIs, another approach is required in extremely severe cases. ECT is used solely to break the grip of refractory depression long enough for an SSRI or other antidepressive to take effect and/or to permit the onset of effective psychotherapy. It is not a long-term or permanent solution. The main advantages of ECT are that it works when nothing else does, and its effect is immediate. The major disadvantage is interference with short-term memory. ECT is rarely used outside of an institutional setting, since its use is generally restricted to people who present an immediate threat

to their own safety. ECT should not be confused with electroshock aversion therapy, which is completely unrelated. Electroshock aversion therapy is a form of negative conditioning accomplished by punishing unwanted behavior with (moderately) painful electric shocks. This therapy is probably used even less frequently than ECT, and has declined in use greatly with the development of effective pharmacological interventions for OCD and for anxiety disorders. There are also ethical concerns with any form of aversion therapy, since aversion therapy involves the intentional infliction of pain or duress. (ECT, due to the use of anethesia and paralytics, is painless.)